Imagine reaching the milestone age of 65 or beyond, embracing what many call the “golden years.” This stage of life brings perks like discounts on some of your favorite pastimes, the flexibility to travel at your leisure and the chance to reflect on decades of meaningful memories. At the same time, it can also introduce challenges: concerns about health, occasional loneliness and worries about how long you’ll be able to maintain independence.
This scenario is a shared experience for many. Today, nearly one in six people globally is 60 or older, facing both the benefits and unique trials associated with aging. The quality of care that older adults receive is shaped by many factors, one of which is the sociological perspectives that explore how we should move through life as we age.
In this article, we explore these sociological perspectives and the factors that influence access to geriatric care.
Theoretical Frameworks in Aging
Sociological views on aging emphasize that the process of growing older is shaped not only by physical changes, such as the occasional ache or gray hair, but also by various social factors, including family dynamics, community involvement and cultural norms. These perspectives recognize that how we age depends heavily on social expectations and interactions.
Sociologists use several frameworks to analyze the aging process:
- Disengagement Theory
Developed by sociologists Elaine Cumming and William E. Henry, this theory suggests that as people age, they naturally start to step away from social roles and responsibilities. According to this theory, the natural withdrawal from society is often agreed upon by all parties, with society encouraging older adults to make space for younger generations to take on active roles. In exchange, older adults gain the opportunity to focus inward and reflect on life, without the pressures of social or professional obligations. - Activity Theory
In contrast to Disengagement Theory, Activity Theory posits that remaining engaged and active leads to a more fulfilling and happier life for older adults. This perspective emphasizes that maintaining relationships, staying involved in activities and engaging in new interests fosters a stronger sense of purpose, helping older adults feel healthier and more satisfied as they age. - Continuity Theory
This theory asserts that older adults adapt best to aging when they maintain the activities, relationships and behaviors they valued earlier in life. By holding onto these familiar aspects of identity, like fishing or playing an active role in social gatherings with friends, older adults can better manage the changes that come with getting older, finding joy in their routines and relationships.
These and other frameworks provide unique insights into how society views and experiences aging. By understanding different views, we can appreciate the diverse ways older adults experience life and advocate for a quality of care that meets each person’s unique needs.
What Are the Social Determinants of Health in Geriatric Care?
As older adults experience various mental and physical signs of decline, they may require different types of geriatric care, like regular doctors’ visits, in-home support or assisted living. However, the type of care they receive isn’t solely determined by their health status or their preferences. It’s influenced by a combination of factors known as social determinants of health, including:
- Socioeconomic status
Adults with higher income levels and more savings can likely afford healthcare that aligns with their needs and preferences. This could private be daily in-home care that allows them to age in place and, eventually, assisted living facilities with better amenities and specialized care options. In contrast, seniors with limited financial resources likely have fewer options regarding the types and quality of geriatric care they have access to. - Education
A person’s grasp of health literacy, such as understanding medical terminology or treatment options, is often impacted by their level of education. Those with more education are often able to advocate for their medical needs, manage illnesses with less assistance and seek preventative care options. This ability often helps them lead a healthier, more fulfilling life. - Access to healthcare
Socioeconomic status isn’t the only determining factor of healthcare access. Other factors that also play a crucial role include where a person is located and the availability of geriatric care in that area. For instance, urban areas often have a larger selection of care options, making it easier to meet the diverse needs of older adults.
Advocate for Older Adults with a Career in Aging
By 2050, it’s projected that the number of individuals aged 60 and older will surpass 2 billion, representing nearly 22% of the world’s population. As the global community continues to age, it becomes more important than ever to encourage an understanding of aging and its unique challenges.
The University of Florida recognizes the growing need for dedicated professionals equipped to help older adults live healthier, more fulfilling lives. Many of these careers begin with a solid education in aging, which is why we offer a variety of online graduate programs designed for professionals pursuing diverse paths in aging and medicine:
- Master’s Degree in Innovative Aging Studies
- Master’s Degree in Medical Physiology and Aging
- Graduate Certificate in Aging and Geriatric Practice
Whether you’re ready to start your career in this expanding field or looking to advance in your current role, explore our online programs to find the path that best aligns with your goals.
Sources:
https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/ageing-and-health
https://samples.jbpub.com/9781284104479/Chapter_3.pdf
https://www.cdc.gov/about/priorities/why-is-addressing-sdoh-important.html